MDO applications to conventional and novel turboprop aircraft within agile European project

In this paper, multidisciplinary design optimization within the AGILE European project is applied to two turboprop aircraft. The first one is a conventional configuration characterized by wing mounted engines, while the second one is an innovative configuration with rear engines installation on the horizontal tail tip with an innovative power plant architecture. Both configurations are suited for 90 passengers, a design range of 1200 nautical miles and a cruise Mach number equal to 0.56. The methodologies used to analyze both configurations include aerodynamic performance in clean, landing and takeoff configurations, mission performance, weight and balance, stability and control, emissions, in terms of Global Warming Potential parameter, and Direct Operating Cost estimation. The latest two will be considered as objective functions for the optimization loop. Aim of this paper is to compare both configurations highlighting benefits and limits. Particular attention has been posed on the innovative approach used to analyze the use cases. The whole design process is made up ofdifferent tools belonging to a specific partner. Each partner is specialized in a specific discipline. The design process has been setup to be completely automated so that, partners, distributed worldwide are able to communicate and exchange results through remote connection. In this way each discipline has been assigned to the suited specialist

Streamlining Cross-Organizational Aircraft Development: Results from the AGILE Project

The research and innovation AGILE project developed the next generation of aircraft Multidisciplinary Design and Optimization processes, which target significant reductions in aircraft development costs and time to market, leading to more cost-effective and greener aircraft solutions. The high level objective is the reduction of the lead time of 40% with respect to the current state-of-the-art. 19 industry, research and academia partners from Europe, Canada and Russia developed solutions to cope with the challenges of collaborative design and optimization of complex products. In order to accelerate the deployment of large-scale, collaborative multidisciplinary design and optimization (MDO), a novel methodology, the so-called AGILE Paradigm, has been developed. Furthermore, the AGILE project has developed and released a set of open technologies enabling the implementation of the AGILE Paradigm approach. The collection of all the technologies constitutes AGILE Framework, which has been deployed for the design and the optimization of multiple aircraft configurations. This paper focuses on the application of the AGILE Paradigm on seven novel aircraft configurations, proving the achievement of the project’s objectives

The Essaillon, the Alps, and the Kingdom of Sardinia Great Strategy (1815-1830).

International audienceThe Sardinian army after 1815 was in charge of the advanced defence of the Alpine front, from the Mont-Blanc to the Ligurian Sea. To achieve this purpose, the Sardinians had two choices : - to abandon Savoy and Piemont and, fighting in retreat, to bring the army more or less intact in the new entrenched field of Genova and here, with the help of the new Sardinian Navy and the British Royal Navy, to wait for rescue forces ; - to build a new fortress beyond the Alps that could serve as a staging ground for a massive invasion force through the Mont Cenis road. Once in Savoy, this army could threaten both Grenoble and Lyon. The court of Turin decided to construct a new fort, the entrenched camp of the Esseillon. This essay is a history of the strategy of kingdom of Sardinia in the years 1815-1830.+ MAPS + PICTURESLa storiografia militare italiana ha sempre lasciato in secondo piano il periodo che va dal 1815 al 1831 specie per quel che riguarda il regno di Sardegna. Gli eserciti e le marine di Vittorio Emanuele I e di Carlo Felice sono state considerate sempre come qualcosa di fortemente subordinato a ciò che venne dopo, ossia all'esercito di Carlo Alberto che, seppur con gravi errori nella condotta operativa e nella sua organizzazione, nel 1848 decise di scendere in campo contro l'impero austriaco. Le critiche avanzate da Ferdinando Pinelli (F. A. Pinelli, Storia militare del Piemonte in continuazione di quella del Saluzzo cioè dalla Pace di Aquisgrana fino ai dì nostri, Torino, 1854) alla fine raggiunsero anche il lavoro di Piero Pieri sulla Storia Militare del Risorgimento (P. Pieri, Storia Militare del Risorgimento, Torino, 1962), per cui oggi per noi è difficile farci un'idea corretta di cosa fossero le forze armate del regno di Sardegna di quel periodo, quale le loro capacità operativa e la strategia globale di difesa dei territori continentali e insulari. Questa comunicazione, che sarà svolta principalmente presso gli archivi di Vienna, Berlino e Londra, vuole dimostrare quante esperienze e capacità siano state riversate in Piemonte da parte degli stati maggiori austriaco, inglese e prussiano per la ricostruzione militare del regno, basata su un'inedita strategia imperniata sul grande campo trincerato alpino dell'Esseillon-Exilles e sulla flotta protetta dal porto fortificato di Genova. Le nuovo fortezze furono costruite basandosi sugli innovativi progetti della "Neudeutschen Schule" mentre le costruzioni navali vennero ispirate dalle coeve realizzazioni britanniche e statunitensi. Il piano strategico del 1815 venne rimesso in discussione solo a partire dal 1831 ed aggiornato da Carlo Alberto e dallo Stato Maggiore austriaco ; fu abbandonata la difesa avanzata al di là delle Alpi per una maggiore profondità delle difese, nuove fortificazioni a cordone ed eserciti più poderosi a scapito dell'opzione navale sino allora perseguita. Saranno analizzati nel dettaglio i seguenti punti : - le dottrine di impiego e la strategia sarda dal 1740 al 1792 ; - l'esperienza della guerra delle Alpi 1792-1796 ; - il piano alleato austro-sardo-britannico per la difesa delle Alpi occidentali 1815-1839 ; - il campo trincerato dell'Esseillon-Exilles ; - il porto di Genova, la flotta sarda e il ruolo della Mediterrean Fleet ; - nuove strategie austriache per l'Italia 1830-1840.+ FIG + MAPP

Prefazione

PréfaceInternational audienc

Prefazione

PréfaceInternational audienc

Prefazione

PréfaceInternational audienc

Prefazione

PréfaceInternational audienc

Enhancing district heating performances with solar thermal energy use: a case study at 2,000 m above sea level

The paper presents a study on the integration of a solar thermal system in an existing DH system in a mountain village. The system is located at approximately 2,000 m above sea level and the total number of buildings supplied by the network is 180, for a total heated volume of approx. 1,000,000 m3. The energy is currently produced by five natural gas engines and eight boilers, for a total available thermal power of about 30 MW. The high altitude of the location and the consequent clear atmosphere, and the long presence of the snow on the ground determine a very high level of direct, diffuse and reflected solar radiation. A solar thermal system can be an interesting solution for the reduction of the operating cost of the existing system. Large surfaces are available near the heat and power production site and on the roofs of some of the main thermal users, widespread along the net. A preliminary analysis of available solar radiation and sizing of the solar system is developed in the paper, to determine the optimal configuration to maximise the contribution of renewable energy in the DH syste